January 6, 2025

Team Profile:
GNG Publications (2020-2025)
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LAST UPDATED: 10 JANUARY 2025

After 5 years, the Geothermal: the Next Generation programme is coming to a close.

Here we list the openly accessible data, papers and reports that were generated over the programme’s five-year duration.

Note: this list excludes conference abstracts, slide decks, posters, workshops and other outputs that required attendance at an event to receive the full details/context, but you can look for these in our Knowledge Hub.

THE OPPORTUNITY

Economic Viability

2023. Supercritical Geothermal in NZ - Economic opportunity in renewable electricity generation and for off-grid energy.
Report – Castalia Ltd
Castalia Ltd

2024. The Superhot Opportunity for New Zealand- Joining the Ends Together.
Conference paper – 2024 Geothermal Rising / GRC Transactions
I. Chambefort, A. Heuser, M. Palmer, D. Rybalka, C. Bromley, B. Carey.

2024. Superhot Geothermal – A Net Zero window of opportunity for New Zealand?
Conference paper – 2024 NZ Geothermal Workshop
C. Bromley, A. Heuser, I. Chambefort, M. Palmer, D. Rybalka, B. Carey.

Resource Inventory

2023. A Supercritical Geothermal Inventory for New Zealand?
Conference paper – 2023 World Geothermal Congress
B. Carey, C. Bromley, J. Burnell.

2024. Inventory of New Zealand supercritical geothermal resources.
Report – GNS Science
C. Bromley, A. Rae, S. Alcaraz, W. Kissling, J. Rivera.

Strategic Pathways

2020. Developing a strategy to accelerate utilisation of New Zealand’s supercritical geothermal resources.
Conference paper – 2022 Geothermal Rising / GRC Transactions
M. Climo, I. Chambefort, B. Carey, S. Bendall, A. Blair.

2020. New Zealand’s supercritical opportunity: moving from potential resource to deployed technology.
Conference paper – 2020 NZ Geothermal Workshop
M. Climo, I. Chambefort, B. Carey, S. Bendall, A. Blair.

2020+1. Advancing New Zealand’s supercritical opportunity.
Conference paper - 2020+1 World Geothermal Congress
M. Climo, I. Chambefort, B. Carey, S. Bendall, A. Blair.

2021. New Zealand’s pathway to supercritical geothermal energy use: moving forward to exploration drilling.
Conference paper – 2021 NZ Geothermal Workshop
B. Carey, M. Climo, I. Chambefort, C. Miller, A. Rae, D. Kissick, P. Bixley, R. Winmill.

2022. Commercial Arrangements Underpinning Aotearoa New Zealand’s Industrial Scale Geothermal Operations.
Conference paper – 2022 NZ Geothermal Workshop
M. Climo, A. Blair, A. Campbell, B. Carey.

2023. What is the end use for ultra-hot geothermal energy in Aotearoa New Zealand?
Conference paper – 2023 World Geothermal Congress
B. Carey, I. Chambefort.

Regulatory Considerations

Conventional Geothermal Use

2020. Quick Reference Guide – NZ’s Environmental Statutory Framework.
Graphic - Traverse Environmental Ltd

2020. New Zealand’s regulatory and planning framework for conventional geothermal resource use.
Conference paper – 2020 NZ Geothermal Workshop.
D. Kissick, S. Bendall, M. Climo.

2021. An Overview of New Zealand’s Geothermal Regulatory and Planning Framework.
Report - Traverse Environmental Ltd
D. Kissick, B. Carey, M. Climo.

Planning for Superhot Geothermal Development

2023. Deep geothermal exploratory drilling and testing in the Taupō Volcanic Zone: Well drilling consenting scenarios report.
Report - Traverse Environmental Ltd
D. Kissick, B. Carey, S. Alcaraz.

2023. Planning Preparation for Six Kilometre Deep Geothermal Wells in the Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand.
Conference paper – 2023 World Geothermal Congress
Kissick, D., Bendall, S., Carey, B.

2024. Consenting a Superhot Geothermal Development in the Taupō Volcanic Zone.
Report - Traverse Environmental Ltd
Kissick, D., Carey, B.

2024. Regulatory considerations for the future of Superhot Geothermal Development in the Taupō Volcanic Zone.
Report - Traverse Environmental Ltd
Kissick, D., Bendall, S., Campbell, A., Carey, B., Bromley, C.

2024. Unlocking our potential: a superhot geothermal future for Aotearoa New Zealand.
Conference paper – 2024 NZ Geothermal Workshop
Kissick, D., Bendall, S., Campbell, A.

Engagement & Communication

2023. Stakeholder Engagement: A Supercritical Geothermal Example.
Conference paper – 2023 World Geothermal Congress
M. Climo, A. Blair, A. Campbell, I. Chambefort, U. Fairhall.

2024. The Waiwhatu Project: Developing Shared Language (English-Te Reo Māori) for Communicating Geothermal Scientific Terms.
Conference paper – 2024 Geothermal Rising / GRC Transactions
Blair, A. Campbell, M. Climo, P. Siratovich, U. Fairhall, C. Ruha.

Programme Updates

2019. Geothermal: the Next Generation.
Conference paper – 2019 NZ Geothermal Workshop
I. Chambefort, B. Mountain, A. Blair, G. Bignall.

2022. Geothermal: The Next Generation, Advancing the Understanding of New Zealand’s Supercritical Resources – Programme Update.
Conference paper – 2022 NZ Geothermal Workshop
I. Chambefort, C. Miller, B. Mountain, B. Carey & the GNG Team.

2023. Geothermal: The Next Generation - Exploring New Zealand future supercritical resources.
Conference paper – 2023 Geothermal Rising / GRC Transactions
I. Chambefort.

2023. Geothermal: The Next Generation - Advancing the Understanding of New Zealand’s Supercritical Resources.
Conference paper – 2023 World Geothermal Congress
I. Chambefort & GNG Team.

GEOSCIENCE & ENGINEERING

2024. Geothermal The Next Generation: Five years of findings to propose a new exploration phase for New Zealand.
Conference paper – 2024 NZ Geothermal Workshop
I. Chambefort, C. Miller, O. Bachmann, J. Barreto, S. Bannister, E. Bertrand, T. Driesner, W. Heise, S. Jylhänkangas, A. Kirkby, W. Kissling, C. Massiot, S. Milicich, N. Mortimer, S. Rooyakkers, L. Seelig, T. Solms, C. Wilson.

Geology

2023. Crustal basement terranes under the Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Context for hydrothermal and magmatic processes.
Journal paper - J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res
Mortimer, N., Charlier, B., Rooyakkers, S., Turnbull, R., Wilson,C., Negrini, M., Bannister, S., Milicich, S., Chambefort, I., Miller, C., Kilgour, G.

2023. Fracture permeability in basement greywacke for supercritical drilling planning.
Conference paper – 2023 NZ Geothermal Workshop.
S. Milicich, C. Massiot, B. Murphy. 

2024. Fracture Permeability in Basement Greywacke for Supercritical Geothermal Drilling Planning.
Conference paper – 2024 Geothermal Rising / GRC Transactions
S. Milicich, C. Massiot, I. Chambefort, D. Satya

2023. Chemical vectoring in continental geothermal systems: Composition of altered rocks and illite as guides to magmatic degassing.
Journal paper – Geothermics
Chambefort, I., Dilles, J.H.

2023. Absence of low-δ18O magmas despite widespread assimilation of altered crust in a large magmatic and hydrothermal province.
Journal paper - Geochim. Cosmochim
Rooyakkers, S., Chambefort, I., Faure, K., Wilson, C., Barker, S., Mortimer, N., Elms, H., Troch, J., Charlier, B., Leonard, G., Farsky, D.

2023. Tracking Magma-Crust-Fluid Interactions at High Temporal Resolution: Oxygen Isotopes in Young Silicic Magmas of the Taupō Volcanic Zone.
Journal paper - Geochem Geophys Geosystems
Rooyakkers, S., Faure, K., Chambefort, I., Barker, S., Elms, H., Wilson, C., Charlier, B.

Geophysics

2023. The Thermal Structure of Central Te Riu a Māui/Zealandia Continent as Determined From the Depth to Base of Magnetic Sources.
Journal paper - J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth
Miller, C., Kirkby, A., Mortimer, N., Aden, F., Barretto, J., Black, J., Chambefort, I., Stagpoole, V.

2024. Refining geological models through 3D gravity modelling at Wairakei, Tauhara and Rotokawa geothermal fields.
Conference paper – 2023 NZ Geothermal Workshop.
Barretto, J., Miller, C., Carson, L., Alcaraz, S.

2022. Total magnetic intensity grid of the upper North Island, New Zealand.
Report - GNS Science.
Barretto, J., Caratori Tontini, F.

2024. Magmatic priming of a phreatic eruption sequence: the 2012 Te Maari eruptions at Mt Tongariro (New Zealand) imaged by magnetotellurics and seismicity.
Journal paper - Geophys. J. Int
Heise, W., Bannister, S., Williams, C., McGavin, P., Caldwell, T., Bertrand, E., Usui, Y., Kilgour, G.

Numerical Modelling

2023. Modelling of flow through naturally fractured geothermal reservoirs, Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand.
Journal paper - Geotherm Energy
Kissling, W, Massiot, C.

2023. Long Term Production in TVZ Geothermal Systems using a 2D Source to Surface Model.
Conference paper - 2023 NZ Geothermal Workshop.
Kissling, W., Ellis, S.

2024. A source-to-surface model of heat and fluid transport in the Taupō Rift, New Zealand.
Journal paper- J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res
Kissling, W., Ellis, S., Barker, S., Caldwell, T.

Experimental Geochemistry

2022. An Experimental Study on the Potential of Rhenium and Indium as Geothermal Tracers.
Report - GNS Science
L. Sajkoswki, A. Kamiya, B. Mountain

2022. Experimental Studies of Supercritical Fluid-Rock Interactions.
Conference paper - 2022 NZ Geothermal Workshop
P. Rendel, B. Mountain, L. Sajkowski, I. Chambefort

2024. Expanding the Limits of Experimental Water-Rock Interaction: The Supercritical Laboratory at GNS Science.
Conference paper - 2024 NZ Geothermal Workshop
B. Mountain, P. Rendel, L. Sajkowski

2023. Solubility of quartz in supercritical water from 375°C to 600°C and 200–270 bar.
Journal paper - The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 
P. Rendel, B. Mountain

2024. Solubility of anhydrite in supercritical water from 380°C to 625°C and 220 bar to 270 bar.
Journal paper - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
P. Rendel, B. Mountain, L. Sajkowski

Reservoir Modelling

2022. Insights from reactive transport models of basalt and water experiments.
Conference paper – 2022 NZ Geothermal Workshop
D. Altar, E. Kaya, S. Zarrouk

2022. Numerical geochemical modelling of basalt-water interaction under subcritical conditions.
Journal paper – Geothermics
D. Altar, E. Kaya, S. Zarrouck, M. Passarella, B. Mountain.

2023. Reactive transport modelling under supercritical conditions.
Journal paper – Geothermics
D. Altar, E. Kaya, S. Zarrouk, M. Passarella, B. Mountain.

2023. Understanding Mineralogical and Geochemical Evolution in Geothermal Reservoirs through Reactive Transport Modelling.
Conference paper – 2023 NZ Geothermal Workshop
D. Altar, S. Zarrouk, E. Kaya.

2024. Structural and Dissolution Trapping of Carbon in Geothermal Reservoirs: A Numerical Assessment.
Conference paper – 2024 Stanford Geothermal Workshop
D. Altar, E. Kaya, S. Zarrouk.

2024. Natural state geothermal reservoir modelling: Mineralogical and geochemical evolution perspective.
Journal paper – Geothermics
D. Altar, E. Kaya, S. Zarrouk, I. Chambefort.

Well Design

2012. Prognoses for Two Supercritical Well Designs.
Report – GNS Science
B. Carey, A. Rae, P. Bixley, L. Carson, S. Alcaraz, I. Chambefort.

2023. Comparative Geothermal Well Performance - Supercritical and Subcritical.
Report – GNS Science
J. Rivera, B. Carey.

2023. Characterisation of Supercritical Fluid Production in Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) through Wellbore Modelling and Simulation.
Conference paper – 2023 Geothermal Rising / GRC Transactions
J. Rivera, B. Carey, I. Chambefort.

2023. Comparison of Icelandic Supercritical Well Forecasts with Subcritical Geothermal Production Well Outputs.
Conference paper – 2023 NZ Geothermal Workshop
J. Rivera.

2023. Supercritical Well Performance Simulation using GFlow Wellbore Simulator: A Case Study of Ultra-hot IDDP Wells in Iceland.
Conference paper – 2023 NZ Geothermal Workshop
J. Rivera, J. Burnell.

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